Diet & Nutrition
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METRIC
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Body Mass Index

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple measurement of body weight relative to height, used to classify individuals into weight categories that may indicate diet quality and associated health risks.
TARGET:
OVERVIEW

BMI is widely used to assess whether an individual's weight is within a healthy range, with higher BMI values often associated with poor diet quality, sedentary lifestyles, and increased risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and neurological conditions. Excessive body weight and obesity, as indicated by a high BMI, are linked to systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction, both of which negatively impact brain health, increasing the risk of cognitive decline, stroke, and mood disorders. While BMI does not directly measure body composition or fat distribution, it serves as a practical and cost-effective screening tool to guide further dietary and health assessments.

MEASUREMENT

BMI is calculated using the formula BMI = Weight (kg) / Height (m)2

For example, a person weighing 70 kg and standing 1.75 meters tall would have a BMI of 22.9.

Benchmark Notes

  1. Children (2–19 years): BMI is age- and sex-specific and expressed in percentiles based on growth charts from the CDC or WHO.
    • Underweight: BMI below the 5th percentile.
    • Normal: BMI between the 5th and 85th percentiles.
    • Overweight: BMI between the 85th and 95th percentiles.
    • Obese: BMI above the 95th percentile.
  2. Adults (20–64 years): Standard BMI ranges apply equally to males and females.
    • Underweight: BMI below 18.5.
    • Normal: BMI between 18.5 and 24.9.
    • Overweight: BMI between 25 and 29.9.
    • Obese: BMI of 30 or higher.
  3. Older Adults (65+ years): Slightly adjusted benchmarks reflect changes in body composition and health risks with aging.
    • Underweight: BMI below 20 may signal malnutrition.
    • Normal: BMI between 20 and 27 is considered healthy.
    • Overweight: BMI between 27 and 30 may be acceptable.
    • Obese: BMI of 30 or higher still indicates health risks.

These benchmarks are averages and can vary based on body size, genetics and phsyical activity levels. Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized interpretation.

ASSESSMENT
QUESTIONNAIRE
Questionnaire Scores
Although evidence suggests a correlation between questionnaire scores and neurological health, it does not prove causality or guarantee brain health. Always consult a qualified medical practitioner before making any decisions regarding your health or lifestyle.  
VIEW SOURCE
BENCHMARKS
Benchmark Warning
These benchmarks are generalized and may vary based on individual factors such as genetics, stress levels, medications, or medical conditions. Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized interpretation.
VIEW SOURCE
Age Group Underweight (<18.5) Normal (18.5–24.9) Overweight (25–29.9) Obese (≥30)
Children (2–19 years) Below 5th percentile 5th–85th percentile 85th–95th percentile Above 95th percentile
Adults (20–64 years) <18.5 18.5–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30
Older Adults (65+ years) <20 20–27 27–30 ≥30
RELATED RESOURCES
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