The Neuroprotective Effects of Exercise: Maintaining a Healthy Brain Throughout Aging

This study reviews the neuroprotective effects of exercise, highlighting its ability to maintain brain health across the lifespan. Physical activity supports brain function by increasing neurotrophic factors like BDNF, enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis, and protecting the blood-brain barrier. Exercise also improves glymphatic clearance, aiding in the removal of harmful proteins such as amyloid-beta, which is linked to neurodegenerative diseases. These mechanisms contribute to better memory, mood, and cognitive resilience, even in older adults.

Engaging in regular aerobic exercise, such as walking, running, or cycling, is recommended to support brain health. Start with moderate sessions a few times weekly, as evidence suggests even short durations can increase neurotrophic factors and enhance cognitive functions. While results are promising, they largely depend on individual factors like age and health, emphasizing the importance of tailored physical activity plans.