The effects of aerobic activity on brain structure

This review highlights the impact of aerobic exercise on brain structure, focusing on key regions like the hippocampus and motor cortex. Aerobic activity enhances neuroplasticity through mechanisms such as neurogenesis (growth of new neurons), angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels), and structural changes in gray and white matter. Regular exercise increases hippocampal volume, which is critical for memory and learning, and improves overall brain health. These effects have been observed across all ages and are particularly beneficial in mitigating age-related cognitive decline. The findings underscore the brain's adaptability to physical activity, with implications for promoting mental health and combating neurological diseases.

Engage in regular aerobic activities like brisk walking, cycling, or swimming for at least 30 minutes daily, five days a week. This routine supports memory, learning, and overall cognitive health by promoting brain plasticity. These recommendations are based on evidence linking exercise to hippocampal growth and enhanced brain function, but individual responses may vary due to genetics and baseline health. Long-term adherence is key for sustained benefits.