Physical Activity in the Older Adults: A Review of the Benefits and Recommendations for Promoting Healthy Aging through Exercise

This review highlights the extensive benefits of regular physical activity for older adults. Exercise can counteract age-related declines in cognitive and physical abilities. It improves heart health, strengthens muscles, and enhances balance, reducing the risk of falls and fractures. Physical activity boosts brain function by promoting neurogenesis and preventing atrophy, which supports memory, learning, and overall cognition. Additionally, exercise alleviates depression and anxiety and fosters social-engagement, enhancing quality of life and longevity.

Older adults should incorporate moderate aerobic exercises (e.g., walking or swimming), resistance training for muscle strength, and balance exercises like tai chi. Tailored routines and professional guidance can ensure safety and maximize benefits. The findings are robust but require individual customization for the best outcomes.