Higher VO2max is associated with thicker cortex and lower grey matter blood flow in older adults

This study investigated the relationship between aerobic fitness (VO₂max) and brain morphology in older adults (aged 65-75). Using MRI, researchers examined changes in grey matter volume, cortical thickness, and cerebral blood flow before and after a single 30-minute session of moderate-intensity cycling or rest. While exercise did not significantly alter brain volume or activity, higher VO₂max was linked to thicker cortex and lower blood flow in the hippocampus, suggesting more efficient oxygen use in fit individuals. The study used a randomized control design (24 in the exercise group, 25 in relaxation). Limitations included small sample size and short intervention duration, affecting generalizability.

Improving cardiovascular fitness through regular aerobic exercise may benefit brain health by preserving cortical thickness, a key marker of cognitive resilience. While this study found no immediate changes from a single session of exercise, it supports long-term fitness benefits. Maintaining an active lifestyle with activities like brisk walking, cycling, or swimming can enhance cerebral efficiency and reduce cognitive decline risk, particularly in aging adults.