Experimental and clinical evidence of physical-exercise on BDNF and cognitive function: A comprehensive review from molecular basis to therapy

This review highlights how physical-exercise boosts brain health by increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, which support memory, learning, and brain plasticity. It explores molecular mechanisms showing how exercise-induced BDNF promotes neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and cognitive improvement. Evidence from animal and human studies suggests regular aerobic exercise delays cognitive decline, combats neuropsychiatric conditions, and enhances brain structure and function. These findings reinforce exercise as a non-pharmacological tool for maintaining cognitive abilities and treating brain-related disorders.

Engage in regular aerobic exercises like running or cycling to support brain health. This practice enhances BDNF levels, fostering memory and cognitive functions. However, note that outcomes vary based on age, health, and exercise intensity. For best results, pair exercise with other healthy habits like balanced nutrition.