Exercise and cognition in older adults: is there a role for resistance training programmes?

This review highlights the potential cognitive benefits of resistance training in older adults, an area less studied compared to aerobic exercise. Resistance training was shown to improve memory, executive functions, and global cognition, possibly by increasing levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and reducing homocysteine, which are linked to brain health. The exercise also combats sarcopenia, enhancing physical health and reducing fall risk. Despite promising evidence from trials, larger and more consistent studies are needed to determine optimal training parameters and understand its mechanisms. Resistance training offers a dual benefit for brain and body, making it a valuable component of aging health strategies.

Older adults should incorporate resistance training into their weekly routines, performing exercises 2–3 times per week to enhance cognitive function and physical strength. Focus on supervised programs for safety and effectiveness. While evidence supports its benefits for brain health, larger trials are necessary to refine specific protocols. Resistance training complements aerobic exercise, forming a holistic approach to cognitive and physical aging.