Cognitive Gains and Cortical Thickness Changes After 12 Weeks of Resistance Training in Older Adults with Low and High Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) on cognitive performance and brain structure in 70 older adults (60-85 years old) with high and low risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants were assigned to either RT or a control group. The RT group showed improved response time in executive function tasks and a modest increase in cortical thickness in brain regions associated with memory and cognitive control. However, statistical significance was weak, suggesting more extended interventions may be necessary. The study highlights RT’s potential neuroprotective effects but calls for larger studies to confirm results.

Engaging in consistent resistance training (e.g., weightlifting, leg presses) may help preserve cognitive function and brain structure in older adults at risk of MCI. While effects were moderate, longer training durations and increased session frequency may yield greater benefits. Combining aerobic exercise and cognitive training could further enhance neuroprotective effects. Regular strength training remains a promising non-pharmacological intervention for cognitive health.