The efficacy and safety of nutrient supplements in the treatment of mental disorders: a meta‐review of meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials

This meta-review analyzed 33 meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining nutrient supplements for mental disorders. Data from 10,951 individuals were included. The strongest evidence supported polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), as an adjunct for depression. Folate-based supplements showed promise for depression and schizophrenia, while N-acetylcysteine (NAC) had emerging benefits for mood disorders. Most supplements had good safety profiles. However, many lacked strong evidence, emphasizing the need for targeted research to identify who benefits most.

While certain nutrient supplements, such as EPA for depression and high-dose methylfolate for schizophrenia, show promise, a well-balanced diet remains critical for brain health. Instead of relying on supplements alone, individuals should focus on nutrient-rich foods, particularly those high in omega-3s, folate, and antioxidants. Personalized approaches, considering nutrient deficiencies and metabolic factors, may enhance mental health outcomes more effectively.