The effects of plant-based diets on the body and the brain: a systematic review

This systematic review investigates the effects of plant-based diets, such as vegan and vegetarian diets, on physical health, brain health, and cognitive function. It finds strong evidence that plant-based diets improve metabolic health, reduce inflammation, and help with weight loss in the short to medium term. These diets also influence gut microbiome diversity positively, which might affect mental and cognitive health. However, direct evidence of benefits to cognitive function or neurological health is limited. The study underscores the potential of plant-based diets as preventive measures for obesity and related diseases but highlights the need for more research on brain-related outcomes.

Adopting a plant-based diet may enhance overall health by reducing inflammation and improving metabolic markers, potentially supporting brain health indirectly. Since evidence for direct cognitive benefits is limited, individuals should focus on balanced plant-based meals rich in nutrients like omega-3s and B12, while awaiting further research.