The Effect of Nut Consumption on Diet Quality, Cardiometabolic and Gastrointestinal Health in Children: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

This systematic review analyzed randomized controlled trials examining nut consumption's effects on children's diet quality, cardiometabolic health, and gastrointestinal outcomes. Studies involved almond, hazelnut, and Brazil nut intake (15–30 g/day) over 3–16 weeks. Nut consumption improved diet quality by increasing healthy fats and reducing empty calories but showed mixed results on cardiometabolic markers like cholesterol and glucose. Limited evidence suggests benefits for gut health, such as reduced constipation and changes in gut bacteria. However, small sample sizes and short durations limit the findings.

Encourage children to consume 15–30 g/day of nuts, such as almonds or hazelnuts, to improve diet quality and potentially support gut and heart health. Nuts provide healthy fats, fiber, and essential nutrients while reducing empty calorie intake. These benefits are based on short-term trials with limited sample sizes, so effects on long-term cardiometabolic or cognitive health remain uncertain. Include nuts as part of a balanced diet, considering allergies and school restrictions.