Self-control moderates the impacts of physical activity on the sleep quality of university students

This study examines how self-control influences the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality in 2,274 university students. Researchers used validated scales for physical activity, self-control, and sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). Results showed that higher physical activity correlated with better sleep (r = -0.541, p < 0.01). However, self-control moderated this effect: students with lower self-control benefited most from exercise, while those with high self-control already had good sleep quality. The study suggests physical activity improves sleep but is more impactful for individuals with lower self-control. Limitations include reliance on self-reported data and a cross-sectional design, preventing causal conclusions. More longitudinal research is needed.

To improve sleep and cognitive function, focus on consistent moderate-intensity exercise, particularly if you struggle with self-regulation. Prioritize structured physical activity earlier in the day to optimize sleep. Additionally, improving self-control through habit formation and reducing digital distractions at night may further enhance sleep quality. However, as this study relies on self-reported data and a cross-sectional design, its findings should be considered suggestive rather than definitive.