Effects of Different Dietary Supplements on Swimming Performance: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

This systematic review and network meta-analysis assessed the effects of various dietary supplements on swimming performance by analyzing 58 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 1,014 participants. The study ranked different supplements based on their effectiveness across multiple performance metrics. L-arginine (Arg) was identified as the most effective intervention for improving 100-meter swim time, while beta-alanine (BA) was found to reduce blood lactate levels. Additionally, creatine combined with sodium bicarbonate (Creatine_NaHCO3) significantly increased blood pH, which may help delay fatigue. However, no significant benefits were observed for shorter (50 m) or longer (200 m) distances. The study noted limitations such as small sample sizes and variations in dosage and supplementation timing, which may impact the generalizability of results.

For athletes seeking to improve swimming performance, L-arginine supplementation could be beneficial for reducing 100-meter swim times, while beta-alanine may help in managing lactate buildup during high-intensity efforts. However, individual responses to supplementation vary, and optimal dosages and duration need further investigation. Before making dietary changes, swimmers should consult with a sports nutritionist.